Publications

Preprints

VICAR: Video Imitation with Contact-Aware Retargeting for Humanoid Interactive Skills

VICAR: Video Imitation with Contact-Aware Retargeting for Humanoid Interactive Skills

Dvij Kalaria, Bike Zhang, S. Shankar Sastry

ArXiv Preprint ArXiv Preprint, 2026

TL;DR: VICAR learns interactive humanoid skills from third-person human videos while preserving world-frame contact poses, motion speed, and collision clearance, so contact-rich skills survive embodiment mismatch and runtime scene changes.

RPG: Reconstruct, Practice, Go Real. Guided Self-Improvement for Embodied Agents

RPG: Reconstruct, Practice, Go Real. Guided Self-Improvement for Embodied Agents

Yen-Jen Wang*, Haozhe Jiang*, Shuying Deng*, Haoru Xue, Weirui Ye, Rocky Duan, Nika Haghtalab, S. Shankar Sastry, Pieter Abbeel, Haozhi Qi (* equal contribution)

ArXiv Preprint ArXiv Preprint, 2026

TL;DR: RPG reconstructs practice tasks from demonstrations, uses guided practice to improve shared skills, and then goes real. Across 22 manipulation tasks, RPG improves from 28.6% to 95.0% over 15 practice rounds and achieves 30/30 successful trials across drawer closing, towel folding, and bimanual handover.

Morphometric Imitation: From Morphology and Contact Aware Hand Retargeting to Sim-to-Real Visuomotor Policy

Morphometric Imitation: From Morphology and Contact Aware Hand Retargeting to Sim-to-Real Visuomotor Policy

Tara Sadjadpour, Siming He, C.K. Wolfe, Haozhi Qi, Lea Wilken, S. Shankar Sastry, Claire Tomlin, Jitendra Malik

ArXiv Preprint ArXiv Preprint, 2026

TL;DR: One human demo. Any multi-fingered hand. Zero-shot sim-to-real visuomotor policy. Morphometric Imitation turns reconstructed hand-object interactions into policies that reach 89.3% zero-shot success across 300 real-world trials on 30 objects.

2026

A Balanced Data Diet: Addressing the Exploration Bottleneck in Mega-Scale RL for Robot Control

A Balanced Data Diet: Addressing the Exploration Bottleneck in Mega-Scale RL for Robot Control

Octi Zhang*, Mateo Guaman Castro*, Patrick Yin*, Ignacio Dagnino, Abhishek Gupta, Rosario Scalise, Byron Boots (* equal contribution)

CoRL CoRL, 2026

TL;DR: Success-Guided Sampling (SGS) trains on the task configurations that are neither too easy nor too hard for the current policy. With it, reinforcement learning scales much more effectively, to over a million simulated robots at once, in legged locomotion and contact-rich manipulation.

ENPIRE: Agentic Robot Policy Self-Improvement in the Real World

ENPIRE: Agentic Robot Policy Self-Improvement in the Real World

Wenli Xiao*, Jia Xie*, Tonghe Zhang*, Haotian Lin*, Max Fu, Haoru Xue, Jalen Lu, Yi Yang, Cunxi Dai, Zi Wang, Jimmy Wu, Guanzhi Wang, S. Shankar Sastry, Ken Goldberg, Linxi "Jim" Fan, Yuke Zhu, Guanya Shi (* equal contribution)

CoRL CoRL, 2026

TL;DR: ENPIRE enables coding agents to conduct physical autoresearch to autonomously hill-climb on real-world robot tasks. The agent designs the environment and reward, then runs experiments in parallel.

CaP-X: A Framework for Benchmarking and Improving Coding Agents for Robot Manipulation

CaP-X: A Framework for Benchmarking and Improving Coding Agents for Robot Manipulation

Max Fu*, Justin Yu*, Karim El-Refai*, Ethan Kou*, Haoru Xue*, Huang Huang, Wenli Xiao, Guanzhi Wang, Fei-Fei Li, Guanya Shi, Jiajun Wu, S. Shankar Sastry, Yuke Zhu, Ken Goldberg, Linxi "Jim" Fan (* equal contribution)

ICML ICML, 2026

TL;DR: CaP-X evaluates frontier LLM performance on robotics tasks by providing agentic harnesses. Agents write code to interact with the environment, get feedback, and improve via RL and skill libraries. These models show far superior generalization compared to frontier robotics models like VLAs.

Opening the Sim-to-Real Door for Humanoid Pixel-to-Action Policy Transfer

Opening the Sim-to-Real Door for Humanoid Pixel-to-Action Policy Transfer

Haoru Xue*, Tairan He*, Zi Wang*, Qingwei Ben, Wenli Xiao, Zhengyi Luo, Ye Yuan, Xingye Da, Fernando Castañeda, Guanya Shi, S. Shankar Sastry, Linxi "Jim" Fan, Yuke Zhu (* equal contribution)

CVPR CVPR, 2026

TL;DR: DoorMan proposes a teacher-student-bootstrap framework for challenging humanoid loco-manipulation tasks such as door opening. Trained as an RGB policy purely in simulation, it is up to 31.7% times faster than human in the real world.

VIRAL: Visual Sim-to-Real at Scale for Humanoid Loco-Manipulation

VIRAL: Visual Sim-to-Real at Scale for Humanoid Loco-Manipulation

Tairan He*, Zi Wang*, Haoru Xue*, Qingwei Ben*, Zhengyi Luo, Wenli Xiao, Ye Yuan, Xingye Da, Fernando Castañeda, S. Shankar Sastry, Changliu Liu, Guanya Shi, Linxi "Jim" Fan, Yuke Zhu (* equal contribution)

CVPR CVPR, 2026

TL;DR: VIRAL investigates the scaling law of visual sim-to-real. We find the right recipe to enjoy the free lunch of simulation: zero-shot, robust, continuous real-world deployment.

SONIC: Supersizing Motion Tracking for Natural Humanoid Whole-Body Control

SONIC: Supersizing Motion Tracking for Natural Humanoid Whole-Body Control

Zhengyi Luo*, Ye Yuan*, Tingwu Wang*, Chenran Li*, Sirui Chen, Fernando Castañeda, Zi-Ang Cao, Jiefeng Li, David Minor, Qingwei Ben, Xingye Da, Runyu Ding, Cyrus Hogg, Lina Song, Edy Lim, Eugene Jeong, Tairan He, Haoru Xue, Wenli Xiao, Zi Wang, Simon Yuen, Jan Kautz, Yan Chang, Umar Iqbal, Linxi "Jim" Fan, Yuke Zhu (* equal contribution)

Science Robotics Science Robotics, 2026

TL;DR: SONIC is a general humanoid whole-body motion tracker supporting various control modes.

Self-Improving Vision-Language-Action Models with Data Generation via Residual RL

Self-Improving Vision-Language-Action Models with Data Generation via Residual RL

Wenli Xiao*, Haotian Lin*, Andy Peng, Haoru Xue, Tairan He, Yuqi Xie, Fengyuan Hu, Jimmy Wu, Zhengyi Luo, Linxi "Jim" Fan, Yuke Zhu (* equal contribution)

ICLR ICLR, 2026

TL;DR: (Probe, Learn, Distill) is a plug-and-play recipe for Vision-Language-Action (VLA) post-training. It is model agnostic, supporting both autoregressive and diffusion architectures, and can push success rates to 99%.

DreamControl: Human-Inspired Whole-Body Humanoid Control for Scene Interaction via Guided Diffusion

DreamControl: Human-Inspired Whole-Body Humanoid Control for Scene Interaction via Guided Diffusion

Dvij Kalaria, Sudarshan Harithas, Pushkal Katara, Sangkyung Kwak, Sarthak Bhagat, S. Shankar Sastry, Srinath Sridhar, Sai Vemprala, Ashish Kapoor, Jonathan Huang

ICRA ICRA, 2026

TL;DR: DreamControl leverages a generative model trained on offline human motion data to synthesize diverse human motion trajectories for a wide range of tasks. These trajectories are re-targeted to the humanoid, and used to train task-specific RL policies that can be deployed both in simulation and on some real-world tasks.

HITTER: A HumanoId Table TEnnis Robot via Hierarchical Planning and Learning

HITTER: A HumanoId Table TEnnis Robot via Hierarchical Planning and Learning

Zhi Su, Bike Zhang, Nima Rahmanian, Yuman Gao, Qiayuan Liao, Caitlin Regan, Koushil Sreenath, S. Shankar Sastry

ICRA ICRA, 2026

TL;DR: Model based planner + reference motion tracking enables robust real-world Ping Pong play (continuiously up to 106 hits!)

LEGO: Learning to Grasp Anything by Playing with Random Toys

LEGO: Learning to Grasp Anything by Playing with Random Toys

Dantong Niu*, Yuvan Sharma*, Baifeng Shi*, Rachel Ding, Matteo Gioia, Haoru Xue, Henry Tsai, Konstantinos Kallidromitis, Anirudh Pai, S. Shankar Sastry, Trevor Darrell, Jitendra Malik, Roei Herzig (* equal contribution)

ICLR ICLR, 2026

TL;DR: LEGO improves generalized grasping capability of off-the-shelf VLAs like π0-Fast by learning from grasping toys randomly generated from simple primitives. We use a novel object-centric representation to ensure the visual features stay grounded in the transfer.

2025

LeVERB: Humanoid Whole-Body Control with Latent Vision-Language Instruction

LeVERB: Humanoid Whole-Body Control with Latent Vision-Language Instruction

Haoru Xue*, Xiaoyu Huang*, Dantong Niu*, Qiayuan Liao*, Thomas Kragerud, Jan Tommy Gravdahl, Xue Bin Peng, Guanya Shi, Trevor Darrell, Koushil Sreenath, S. Shankar Sastry (* equal contribution)

ArXiv Preprint ArXiv Preprint, 2025

TL;DR: LeVERB is the first latent whole-body humanoid VLA. We introduce a latent vocabulary as an interface between vision-language and whole-body action to enable expressive task specification and interpolatable execution.

Pre-training Auto-regressive Robotic Models with 4D Representations

Pre-training Auto-regressive Robotic Models with 4D Representations

Dantong Niu*, Yuvan Sharma*, Haoru Xue, Giscard Biamby, Junyi Zhang, Ziteng Ji, Trevor Darrell, Roei Herzig (* equal contribution)

ICML ICML, 2025

TL;DR: ARM4R is an Autoregressive Robotic Model that leverages low-level 4D Representations learned from human video data to yield a robotics model that has stronger spatial and temporal understandings.

LATTE-MV: Learning to Anticipate Table Tennis Hits from Monocular Videos

LATTE-MV: Learning to Anticipate Table Tennis Hits from Monocular Videos

Daniel Etaat, Dvij Kalaria, Nima Rahmanian, S. Shankar Sastry

CVPR CVPR, 2025

TL;DR: LATTE-MV is a scalable system that processes over 800 hours of YouTube table tennis footage to reconstruct 27 hours of clean gameplay. This dataset is then used to train an anticipatory controller that predicts the player's next shot, enabling the robot to pre-position itself and perform better against high-speed rallies.

Full-Order Sampling-Based MPC for Torque-Level Locomotion Control via Diffusion-Style Annealing

Full-Order Sampling-Based MPC for Torque-Level Locomotion Control via Diffusion-Style Annealing

Haoru Xue*, Chaoyi Pan*, Zeji Yi, Guannan Qu, Guanya Shi (* equal contribution)

ICRA (Best Paper Finalist) ICRA, 2025

TL;DR: DIAL-MPC is the first training-free method achieving real-time whole-body torque control using full-order dynamics.